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The dreaded 500 internal server mistake. It always seems to come at the most inopportune time and y'all're all of a sudden left scrambling to figure out how to go your WordPress site back online. Trust us, we've all been there. Other errors that behave similarly that you might accept also seen include the frightening error establishing a database connection and the dreaded white screen of death. But from the moment your site goes down, you're losing visitors and customers. Not to mention it just looks bad for your brand.
Today we're going to dive into the 500 internal server error and walk you through some ways to get your site dorsum online chop-chop. Read more than beneath almost what causes this error and what you can exercise to foreclose information technology in the future.
- What is a 500 internal server error?
- How to fix the 500 internal server error
500 Internal Server Error (Most Common Causes):
500 Internal server error in WordPress tin be caused by many things. If you lot're experiencing i, at that place's a high chance one (or more) of the post-obit elements is causing the issue:
- Browser Cache.
- Incorrect database login credentials.
- Corrupted database.
- Corrupted files in your WordPress installation.
- Bug with your database server.
- Corrupted WordPress core files.
- Corrupted .htaccess file and PHP retentiveness limit.
- Problems with 3rd-political party plugins and themes.
- PHP timing out or fatal PHP errors with tertiary-party plugins.
- Wrong file and folder permissions.
- Wearied PHP memory limit on your server
- Corrupted or broken .htaccess file.
- Errors in CGI and Perl script.
Bank check Out Our Ultimate Guide to Fixing the 500 Internal Server Fault
What is a 500 Internal Server Error?
The Net Engineering Task Force (IETF) defines the 500 Internal Server Error equally:
The 500 (Internal Server Fault) condition code indicates that the server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request.
When you visit a website your browser sends a request over to the server where the site is hosted. The server takes this asking, processes information technology, and sends back the requested resources (PHP, HTML, CSS, etc.) along with an HTTP header. The HTTP also includes what they call an HTTP status code. A status lawmaking is a way to notify you almost the status of the request. It could be a 200 status code which means "Everything is OK" or a 500 condition code which means something has gone incorrect.
There are a lot of different types of 500 condition error codes (500, 501, 502, 503, 504, etc.) and they all mean something unlike. In this case, a 500 internal server error indicates that the server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request(RFC 7231, section 6.half-dozen.1).
500 Internal Server Mistake Variations
Due to the diverse spider web servers, operating systems, and browsers, a 500 internal server mistake can present itself in a number of different means. Merely they are all communicating the aforementioned thing. Below are just a couple of the many different variations yous might encounter on the web:
-
- "500 Internal Server Mistake"
- "HTTP 500"
- "Internal Server Error"
- "HTTP 500 – Internal Server Error"
- "500 Error"
- "HTTP Mistake 500"
- "500 – Internal Server Error"
- "500 Internal Server Error. Distressing something went wrong."
- "500. That's an mistake. There was an mistake. Please effort once more later. That's all we know."
- "The website cannot brandish the page – HTTP 500."
- "Is currently unable to handle this request. HTTP Fault 500."
You might also see this message accompanying it:
The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your asking. Please contact the server ambassador, [email protected] and inform them of the fourth dimension the error occurred, and anything yous might have done that may have caused the error. More than data about this mistake may exist available in the server error log.
Other times, you might simply meet a blank white screen. When dealing with 500 internal server errors, this is actually quite mutual in browsers similar Firefox and Safari.
Bigger brands might even have their own custom 500 internal server error messages, such as this one from Airbnb.
Hither is another creative 500 server mistake example from the folks over at readme.
Even the mighty YouTube isn't safe from 500 internal server errors.
If information technology'south an IIS 7.0 (Windows) or college server, they have boosted HTTP status codes to more closely signal the crusade of the 500 error:
- 500.0 – Module or ISAPI error occurred.
- 500.11 – Application is shutting down on the spider web server.
- 500.12 – Application is busy restarting on the web server.
- 500.13 – Web server is also busy.
- 500.15 – Direct requests for global.asax are non immune.
- 500.nineteen – Configuration information is invalid.
- 500.21 – Module not recognized.
- 500.22 – An ASP.Internet httpModules configuration does not apply in Managed Pipeline mode.
- 500.23 – An ASP.NET httpHandlers configuration does non apply in Managed Pipeline mode.
- 500.24 – An ASP.NET impersonation configuration does not use in Managed Pipeline mode.
- 500.50 – A rewrite mistake occurred during RQ_BEGIN_REQUEST notification handling. A configuration or inbound rule execution error occurred.
- 500.51 – A rewrite error occurred during GL_PRE_BEGIN_REQUEST notification handling. A global configuration or global rule execution mistake occurred.
- 500.52 – A rewrite error occurred during RQ_SEND_RESPONSE notification handling. An outbound rule execution occurred.
- 500.53 – A rewrite error occurred during RQ_RELEASE_REQUEST_STATE notification handling. An outbound rule execution error occurred. The rule is configured to be executed before the output user cache gets updated.
500.100 – Internal ASP error.
500 Errors Impact on SEO
Unlike 503 errors, which are used for WordPress maintenance fashion and tell Google to check dorsum at a later on time, a 500 mistake tin can have a negative bear on on SEO if not stock-still right away. If your site is only downwardly for say 10 minutes and information technology'southward being crawled consistently a lot of times the crawler will simply get the folio delivered from cache. Or Google might not even have a hazard to re-crawl it before it's back up. In this scenario, yous're completely fine.
Still, if the site is down for an extended period of time, say 6+ hours, and so Google might see the 500 error as a site level issue that needs to be addressed. This could impact your rankings. If y'all're worried about repeat 500 errors you should figure out why they are happening to begin with. Some of the solutions below tin help.
How to Fix the 500 Internal Server Fault
Where should you start troubleshooting when you see a 500 internal server mistake on your WordPress site? Sometimes you might not even know where to begin. Typically 500 errors are on the server itself, but from our feel, these errors originate from ii things, the first isuser mistake (customer-side result), and the 2d is that there is a problem with the server. Then nosotros'll dive into a lilliputian of both.
This is never not annoying 😖 pic.twitter.com/pPKxbkvI9K
— Dare Obasanjo (@Carnage4Life) September 26, 2019
Check out these mutual causes and ways to fix the 500 internal server error and get back up and running in no time.
i. Endeavour Reloading the Page
This might seem a picayune obvious to some, but one of the easiest and first things you should attempt when encountering a 500 internal server error is to simply wait a minute or so and reload the page (F5 or Ctrl + F5). Information technology could be that the host or server is simply overloaded and the site will come correct back. While you're waiting, you lot could also quickly endeavour a unlike browser to rule that out as an consequence.
Another thing yous tin can do is to paste the website into downforeveryoneorjustme.com. This website volition tell you if the site is down or if information technology'southward a trouble on your side. A tool like this checks the HTTP status lawmaking that is returned from the server. If it's anything other than a 200 "Everything is OK" then information technology will return a down indication.
We've as well noticed that sometimes this can occur immediately afterward yous update a plugin or theme on your WordPress site. Typically this is on hosts that aren't set up up properly. What happens is they experience a temporary timeout right afterward. However, things commonly resolve themselves in a couple of seconds and therefore refreshing is all you demand to practise.
2. Articulate Your Browser Cache
Clearing your browser cache is always another adept troubleshooting step before diving into deeper debugging on your site. Beneath are instructions on how to articulate enshroud in the diverse browsers:
- How to Strength Refresh a Unmarried Page for All Browsers
- How to Clear Browser Cache for Google Chrome
- How to Clear Browser Cache for Mozilla Firefox
- How to Clear Browser Cache for Safari
- How to Articulate Browser Enshroud for Internet Explorer
- How to Clear Browser Cache for Microsoft Border
- How to Clear Browser Cache for Opera
3. Cheque Your Server Logs
Yous should also take advantage of your fault logs. If you lot're a Kinsta client, you can easily see errors in the log viewer in the MyKinsta dashboard. This can help you apace narrow down the issue, peculiarly if it'due south resulting from a plugin on your site.
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If your host doesn't have a logging tool, you can likewise enable WordPress debugging mode by adding the following code to your wp-config.php file to enable logging:
define( 'WP_DEBUG', true ); ascertain( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', true ); define( 'WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', faux ); The logs are typically located in the /wp-content directory. Others, like hither at Kinsta might accept a dedicated folder chosen "logs".
You can also check the log files in Apache and Nginx, which are commonly located hither:
- Apache: /var/log/apache2/error.log
- Nginx: /var/log/nginx/error.log
If you're a Kinsta client you can as well take advantage of our analytics tool to become a breakdown of the total number of 500 errors and see how often and when they are occurring. This can help you troubleshoot if this is an ongoing issue, or perhaps something that has resolved itself.
If the 500 error is displaying because of a fatal PHP error, you can also try enabling PHP error reporting. Simply add the following lawmaking to the file throwing the mistake. Typically you can narrow down the file in the panel tab of Google Chrome DevTools.
ini_set('display_errors', 1); ini_set('display_startup_errors', 1); error_reporting(E_ALL); And yous might need to also change your php.ini file with the following:
display_errors = on iv. Mistake Establishing a Database Connection
500 internal server errors can also occur from a database connection error. Depending upon your browser you might come across different errors. But both will generate a 500 HTTP status code regardless in your server logs.
Below is an case of what an "mistake establishing a database connection" message looks like your browser. The unabridged page is blank considering no data tin exist retrieved to render the folio, equally the connection is non working properly. Not only does this break the front-finish of your site, but information technology will also prevent you from accessing your WordPress dashboard.
So why exactly does this happen? Well, here are a few common reasons below.
- The near common consequence is that yourdatabase login credentials are wrong. Your WordPress site uses separate login data to connect to its MySQL database.
- Your WordPress database is corrupted. With and so many moving parts with themes, plugins, and users constantly deleting and installing them, sometimes databases get corrupted. This tin can exist due to a missing or individually corrupted table, or perchance some information was deleted by accident.
- Yous may accept corrupt files in your WordPress installation. This tin even happen sometimes due to hackers.
- Problems with your database server. A number of things could be wrong on the web hosts terminate, such equally the database being overloaded from a traffic spike or unresponsive from too many concurrent connections. This is actually quite common with shared hosts as they are utilizing the same resources for a lot of users on the aforementioned servers.
Cheque out our in-depth mail on how to fix the error establishing a database connection in WordPress.
5. Cheque Your Plugins and Themes
Third-party plugins and themes can hands crusade 500 internal server errors. Nosotros've seen all types cause them here at Kinsta, from slider plugins to ad rotator plugins. A lot of times yous should see the mistake immediately after installing something new or running an update. This is one reason why we e'er recommend utilizing a staging surroundings for updates or at least running updates one by one. Otherwise, if you encounter a 500 internal server error you lot're suddenly scrambling to effigy out which one caused it.
A few means you can troubleshoot this is past deactivating all your plugins. Call up, you won't lose whatever data if you simply deactivate a plugin. If you can all the same access your admin, a quick way to exercise this is to scan to "Plugins" and select "Deactivate" from the bulk actions carte. This volition disable all of your plugins.
If this fixes the issue you'll need to find the culprit. Start activating them one by one, reloading the site after each activation. When you come across the 500 internal server error return, you lot've plant the misbehaving plugin. You can then attain out to the plugin developer for help or mail service a support ticket in the WordPress repository.
If you can't login to WordPress admin you can FTP into your server and rename your plugins folder to something like plugins_old. Then cheque your site again. If it works, then y'all will need to exam each plugin i by one. Rename your plugin folder back to "plugins" and and then rename each plugin folder within of if it, i by one, until you find information technology. Yous could likewise try to replicate this on a staging site first.
E'er makes sure your plugins, themes, and WordPress cadre are up to date. And check to ensure you lot are running a supported version of PHP. If it turns out to be a conflict with bad lawmaking in a plugin, you might need to bring in a WordPress developer to prepare the issue.
vi. Reinstall WordPress Core
Sometimes WordPress core files can get corrupted, especially on older sites. It's actually quite easy to re-upload simply the cadre of WordPress without impacting your plugins or themes. Nosotros take an in-depth guide with 5 different ways to reinstall WordPress. And of course, make sure to take a backup before proceeding. Skip to one of the sections beneath:
- How to reinstall WordPress from the WordPress dashboard while preserving existing content
- How to manually reinstall WordPress via FTP while preserving existing content
- How to manually reinstall WordPress via WP-CLI while preserving existing content
seven. Permissions Error
A permissions mistake with a file or folder on your server can besides cause a 500 internal server error to occur. Here are some typical recommendations for permissions when information technology comes to file and binder permissions in WordPress:
- All files should be 644 (-rw-r–r–) or 640.
- All directories should be 755 (drwxr-xr-x) or 750.
- No directories should ever be given 777, even upload directories.
- Hardening: wp-config.php could likewise exist set to 440 or 400 to prevent other users on the server from reading it.
See the WordPress Codex article on changing file permissions for a more in-depth explanation.
You lot tin can easily see your file permissions with an FTP client (as seen below). Y'all could also reach out to your WordPress host back up team and ask them to quickly GREP file permissions on your folders and files to ensure they're setup properly.
eight. PHP Memory Limit
A 500 internal server error could also be caused by exhausting the PHP retentivity limit on your server. You lot could try increasing the limit. Follow the instructions below on how to change this limit in cPanel, Apache, your php.ini file, and wp-config.php file.
Increase PHP Memory Limit in cPanel
If you're running on a host that uses cPanel, yous can easily modify this from the UI. Nether Software click on "Select PHP Version."
Click on "Switch to PHP Options."
You tin can then click on the memory_limit aspect and change its value. Then click on "Save."
Increase PHP Memory Limit in Apache
The .htaccess file is a special hidden file that contains various settings you lot tin can employ to modify the server behavior, correct down to a directory specific level. Outset login to your site via FTP or SSH, take a look at your root directory and run into if there is a .htaccess file at that place.
If there is you tin can edit that file to add the necessary code for increasing the PHP memory limit. Most likely it is set at 64M or below, you can try increasing this value.
php_value memory_limit 128M Increase PHP Memory Limit in php.ini File
If the in a higher place doesn't work for you lot might effort editing your php.ini file. Log in to your site via FTP or SSH, become to your site's root directory and open or create a php.ini file.
If the file was already there, search for the three settings and modify them if necessary. If you lot just created the file, or the settings are nowhere to be found you can paste the code below. You lot can modify of course the values to meet your needs.
memory_limit = 128M Some shared hosts might as well crave that you lot add the suPHP directive in your .htaccess file for the higher up php.ini file settings to work. To do this, edit your .htaccess file, also located at the root of your site, and add the following code towards the tiptop of the file:
<IfModule mod_suphp.c> suPHP_ConfigPath /dwelling/yourusername/public_html </IfModule> If the above didn't piece of work for you lot, information technology could exist that your host has the global settings locked down and instead take it configured to utilize .user.ini files. To edit your .user.ini file, login to your site via FTP or SSH, go to your site's root directory and open or create a .user.ini file. You can then paste in the following code:
memory_limit = 128M Increment PHP Memory Limit in wp-config.php
The terminal pick is not i nosotros are fans of, merely if all else fails yous can give it a become. First, log in to your site via FTP or SSH, and locate your wp-config.php file, which is typically in the root of your site.
Add the post-obit lawmaking to the top of your wp-config.php file:
define('WP_MEMORY_LIMIT', '128M'); You tin also inquire your host if you lot're running into memory limit issues. We apply New Relic and other troubleshooting methods hither at Kinsta to help clients narrow downward what plugin, query, or script might be exhausting the limit. Yous can besides use your ain custom New Relic key.
9. Problem With Your .htaccess File
Kinsta only uses Nginx, but if you're using a WordPress host that is running Apache, it could very well be that your .htaccess file has a problem or has go corrupted. Follow the steps below to recreate a new one from scratch.
First, log in to your site via FTP or SSH, and rename your .htaccess file to .htaccess_old.
Normally to recreate this file you can only re-relieve your permalinks in WordPress. However, if you're in the middle of a 500 internal server error you virtually likely can't admission your WordPress admin, and then this isn't an option. Therefore you can create a new .htaccess file and input the following contents. Then upload it to your server.
# BEGIN WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [50] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php [L] </IfModule> # End WordPress Come across the WordPress Codex for more examples, such every bit a default .htaccess file for multisite.
10. Coding or Syntax Errors in Your CGI/Perl Script
500 errors being caused past errors in CGI and Perl is a lot less common than it used to exist. Although it's all the same worth mentioning, especially for those using cPanel where at that place are a lot of ane-click CGI scripts still being used. As AEM on Stack Overflow says:
CGI has been replaced by a vast diversity of web programming technologies, including PHP, various Apache extensions like mod_perl, Java of diverse flavors and frameworks including Java EE, Struts, Bound, etc, Python-based frameworks similar Django, Blood-red on Rails and many other Ruby frameworks, and various Microsoft technologies.
Hither are a few tips when working with CGI scripts:
- When editing, always used a plainly text editor, such as Atom, Sublime, or Notepad++. This ensures they remain in ASCII format.
- Ensure correct permissions of chmod 755 are used on CGI scripts and directories.
- Upload your CGI scripts in ASCII mode (which you can select in your FTP editor) into the cgi-bin directory on your server.
- Ostend that the Perl modules you lot crave for your script are installed and supported.
eleven. Server Effect (Check With Your Host)
Finally, because 500 internal server errors can also occur from PHP timing out or fatal PHP errors with third-party plugins, y'all can e'er check with your WordPress host. Sometimes these errors tin can exist hard to troubleshoot without an good. Hither are but a few common examples of some errors that trigger 500 HTTP condition codes on the server that might accept yous scratching your head.
PHP message: PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Mistake: Call to undefined function mysql_error()... PHP message: PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Cannot utilise object of type WP_Error as array in /www/folder/web/shared/content/plugins/plugin/functions.php:525 We monitor all client's sites here at Kinsta and are automatically notified when these types of errors occur. This allows us to be pro-active and offset fixing the issue right abroad. We too use LXD managed hosts and orchestrated LXC software containers for each site. This means that every WordPress site is housed in its own isolated container, which has all of the software resources required to run it (Linux, Nginx, PHP, MySQL). The resources are 100% individual and are non shared with anyone else or even your own sites.
PHP timeouts could besides occur from the lack of PHP workers, although typically these cause 504 errors, non 500 errors. These make up one's mind how many simultaneous requests your site tin handle at a given time. To put it but, each uncached request for your website is handled by a PHP Worker.
When PHP workers are already busy on a site, they showtime to build up a queue. Once you've reached your limit of PHP workers, the queue starts to push out older requests which could result in 500 errors or incomplete requests. Read our in-depth article about PHP workers.
Monitor Your Site
If you're worried nearly these types of errors happening on your site in the futurity, yous tin can also utilise a tool like updown.io to monitor and notify you lot immediately if they occur. It periodically sends an HTTP Head request to the URL of your selection. Y'all can simply use your homepage. The tool allows yous to set bank check frequencies of:
- 15 seconds
- thirty seconds
- i infinitesimal
- 2 minutes
- 5 minutes
- 10 minutes
It will send you an e-mail if and when your site goes down. Here is an instance beneath.
This can be peculiarly useful if you lot're trying to debug a faulty plugin or are on a shared host, who tend to overcrowd their servers. This tin requite you proof of how often your site might actually be doing down (even during the center of the night). That's why nosotros ever recommend going with a managed WordPress host. Make sure to check out our post that explores the top 9 reasons to choose managed WordPress hosting.
Summary
500 internal server errors are always frustrating, merely hopefully, at present you know a few additional ways to troubleshoot them to quickly get your site back up and running. Recollect, typically these types of errors are acquired by third-party plugins, fatal PHP errors, database connection issues, problems with your .htaccess file or PHP retentiveness limits, and sometimes PHP timeouts.
Was there annihilation we missed? Maybe you have another tip on troubleshooting 500 internal server errors. If so, let us know below in the comments.
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Source: https://kinsta.com/blog/500-internal-server-error/
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